General term for substances with pH < 7.
Can react as both an acid and a base depending on conditions (e.g., H2O, Al2O3).
General term for substances with pH > 7.
Significant acidity but not fully dissociated.
Significant basicity without full dissociation.
Neither acidic nor basic; pH around 7.0 in aqueous solution.
Completely dissociates in water to release H+ ions (e.g., HCl).
Completely dissociates in water to release OH- ions (e.g., NaOH).
Partially dissociates in water, maintaining an equilibrium (e.g., CH3COOH).
Partially reacts with water to release OH- ions or accept protons.
Classification of substances based on their pH behavior and proton donor/acceptor strength.