Helium-4 nuclei consisting of two protons and two neutrons.
High-speed electrons or positrons emitted by certain types of radioactive nuclei.
Emission of nuclear fragments larger than an alpha particle (e.g., C-14, O-20).
Electrons ejected from the atom as a result of energy transfer from the nucleus.
High-energy electromagnetic radiation (photons) originating from the nucleus.
Subatomic particles with no net electric charge, vital for fission chain reactions.
The antiparticle of the electron, having a positive charge.
Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus.
Electromagnetic radiation typically originating from electron transitions in the shell.
Types of ionizing or non-ionizing particles and waves emitted during nuclear processes.